what is thermal energy?

what is thermal energy?

Thermal Energy, or heat, is the internal energy in substances; it is the vibration and movement of the atoms and molecules within substances. The more thermal energy in a substance, the faster the atoms and molecules vibrate and move. Geothermal energy is an example of thermal energy. By creating the new devices and methods to concentrate, store, and transport naturally-created thermal energy, human beings can reduce dependence on non-sustainable forms of energy.

Thermal energy is generated to measure by heat of any kind. It is caused by increased activity or velocity of molecules in a substance, which in turn causes temperature to rise accordingly. There are many natural sources of a thermal energy on Earth, making it an important component of alternative energy.

Thermal energy is quantified by temperature (e.g., the physical property of a system which underlies the common notions of "hot" and "cold"; material with the higher temperatures are said to be "hot"). Heat (also heat change) is the transfer of thermal energy between two bodies which are at different temperatures. The SI unit for heat is the joule.

In our next blog we shall learn about displacement reactions

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Non-Conventional Energy Sources

The sources of energy which are being produced continuously in nature and are in exhaustible are called renewable sources of energy (or) non-conventional energy.

Some of these sources are: (a) Wind energy (b) Tidal energy (c) Solar energy

Energy from the sun is called solar energy. The Sun’s energy comes from nuclear fusion reaction that takes place deep in the sun. Hydrogen nucleus fuse into helium nucleus. The energy from these reactions flow out from the sun and escape into space.

With increasing demand for energy and with fast depleting conventional sources of energy such as coal, petroleum, natural gas etc. the non-conventional sources of energy such as energy from sun, wind, biomass, tidal energy, geothermal energy and even energy from waste material are gaining importance. This energy is abundant, renewable, pollution free and Eco-friendly. It can be more conveniently supplied to urban, rural and even remote areas. Thus it is capable of solving the twin problems of energy supply in a decentralized manner and helping in sustaining cleaner environment

1. They are inexhaustible source of energy.
2. They are pollution free. Therefore considered to be environment friendly.
3. They are very inexpensive.

In our next blog we shall learn about activity series of metals

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pollution images

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If you to collect more pollution images you can click on given link.

Pollution is the addition of any such constituents to air, water or land, which adversely alter the natural quality of environment. The constituent thus added is called pollutant.

Types of Pollutants Sir Quality

Pollutants can be categorized in two ways:

• According to source – Based on the source the pollutants are of two types:

a) Wastes from the industries, etc., as well as wastes from human and animal bodies.

b) Deliberate additions in the environment in the form of application such as pesticides and insecticides on cultivated plants, stored grains etc.

• Based on the degradability the pollutants are of two kinds:

a) Biodegradable pollutants are such substances that can be broken down by organisms and dispersed.

b) Non – biodegradable pollutants are those that are virtually indestructible. For example DDT and various detergents move up in the food chain (producer to primary consumer to secondary consumer and so on) becoming more and more concentrated at each trophic level

Certain substances are totally non-biodegradable, for example aluminum, glass and plastic are not acted upon by any organism and if felt in environment they remain as junk for all the time.

Pollutants and Pollution

These types of pollutants leads to various types of pollution, such as air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, thermal pollution and noise pollution.

Air pollution – The pollutant responsible for this type of pollution are of two types namely:

• Particulate air pollutants – consists of unburnt particles of coal, coke etc.
• Gaseous air pollutants – consists of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide, ammonia etc.

Water pollution – the pollutants responsible for this type of pollution are:

• Organic pollutants – dissolved in water reduces aquatic life
• Poisonous insecticides – this primarily consists of DDT, and some other industrial wastes.
• Sewage – untreated sewage causes cholera, typhoid etc.
• Oil from washings of automobiles and oil spilling.

In our next blog we shall learn about "endocrine system function"

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