law of conservation of momentum

Let us learn about law of conservation of momentum

The conservation of momentum is a fundamental concept of physics along with the conservation of energy and the conservation of mass. Momentum is defined to be the mass of an object multiplied by the velocity of the object. The conservation of momentum states that, within some problem domain, the amount of momentum remains constant; momentum is neither created nor destroyed, but only changed through the action of forces as described by Newton's laws of motion. Dealing with momentum is more difficult than dealing with mass and energy because momentum is a vector quantity having both a magnitude and a direction. Momentum is conserved in all three physical directions at the same time. It is even more difficult when dealing with a gas because forces in one direction can affect the momentum in another direction because of the collisions of many molecules. On this slide, we will present a very, very simplified flow problem where properties only change in one direction. The problem is further simplified by considering a steady flow which does not change with time and by limiting the forces to only those associated with the pressure.

Law of conservation of momentum states that - if a group of bodies are exerting force on each other, i.e., interacting with each other, their total momentum remains conserved before and after the interaction provided there is no external force acting on them.

The following example will help us to understand clearly the law of conservation of momentum.

Two bodies A and B of masses m₁ and m₂ are moving in the same direction with initial velocities u₁ and u₂ . They make a direct collision.

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